Against the backdrop of the growing global emphasis on environmental protection, the greening of material preparation has become an inevitable trend. As a widely used polymer material, the research and development of environmentally friendly preparation technologies for silicone rubber materials are of great significance.

In the traditional preparation process of silicone rubber, a large amount of organic solvents are often used, which not only pose environmental pollution risks but also increase production costs. To address this issue, water - based preparation technologies have emerged. The preparation of water - based silicone rubber is mainly carried out through emulsion polymerization or dispersion polymerization. In emulsion polymerization, water is used as the continuous phase, and silicone rubber monomers, emulsifiers, initiators, etc. are mixed and polymerized under certain conditions. For example, the use of anionic emulsifiers can enable silicone rubber monomers to form a stable emulsion system in water, thus achieving efficient polymerization. Compared with traditional organic solvent systems, the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the water - based emulsion polymerization process is significantly reduced, meeting environmental protection requirements. At the same time, water is inexpensive and widely available, reducing preparation costs. However, this technology faces some challenges. For example, the residue of emulsifiers may affect the performance of silicone rubber products, and the water - based system has high requirements for the corrosion resistance of equipment. Researchers have developed new polymerizable emulsifiers that participate in the reaction during polymerization to reduce residues and used special corrosion - resistant equipment materials to effectively solve these problems.
Another environmentally friendly preparation technology is the preparation of silicone rubber through solid - state reactions. This technology abandons the use of solvents and directly prepares silicone rubber products through solid - state reactions of silicone rubber raw materials by means of mechanical mixing, hot pressing, etc. During the solid - state reaction, by precisely controlling parameters such as temperature, pressure, and reaction time, cross - linking reactions occur between raw material molecules to form silicone rubber with specific properties. This method not only avoids solvent pollution but also effectively reduces energy consumption. For example, when preparing certain special silicone rubbers, the solid - state reaction preparation technology can achieve precise control of the molecular structure and obtain products with excellent performance. However, solid - state reactions have strict requirements for the pretreatment of raw materials and reaction equipment, and the process needs to be further optimized to improve production efficiency and product quality stability.
In addition, the preparation of bio - based silicone rubber has also become a research hotspot. Renewable biomass resources such as vegetable oils and cellulose are used to introduce siloxane structures through chemical modification to prepare bio - based silicone rubber. This material has the properties of traditional silicone rubber and is biodegradable, reducing the long - term burden on the environment. For example, using vegetable oil as a raw material, bio - based silicone rubber has been successfully synthesized through a series of reactions such as epoxidation and hydrosilylation. Its degradation performance tests show that in the natural environment, bio - based silicone rubber can degrade within a certain period of time, effectively reducing the impact of waste on the environment. However, currently, the preparation cost of bio - based silicone rubber is relatively high, and there is still a certain gap in performance compared with traditional silicone rubber. The synthesis process needs to be further improved to enhance material performance and reduce costs to promote its large - scale application.


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